IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT HEALTH EXPENDITURE ON HEALTH OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA (1993-2023)

ORAEKIE, RACHEAL KOSISOCHUKWU (2026) IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT HEALTH EXPENDITURE ON HEALTH OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA (1993-2023). Other thesis, GODFREY OKOYE UNIVERSITY, ENUGU.

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Abstract

This study examined the impact of government health expenditure on health outcomes in Nigeria over the period 1993–2023. The study was motivated by the persistent challenges facing Nigeria’s healthcare sector despite increasing government investment in healthcare. Specifically, the study investigated the effect of government health expenditure on life expectancy, infant mortality rate, and maternal mortality ratio, which served as indicators of health outcomes. Secondary data covering the study period were obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) published by the World Bank. The study adopted an ex post facto research design, while descriptive statistics and regression analysis were employed to examine the relationship between government health expenditure and the selected health outcome indicators. The analysis focused on determining the direction, magnitude, and statistical significance of the relationship between public healthcare expenditure and health outcomes in Nigeria. The findings revealed that government health expenditure has a positive and statistically significant effect on life expectancy, indicating that increased public investment in healthcare contributes to improvements in the average lifespan of Nigerians. The results further showed that government health expenditure has a negative and statistically significant effect on infant mortality rate and maternal mortality ratio, suggesting that increased healthcare funding contributes to reductions in infant and maternal deaths. Overall, the findings demonstrate that government expenditure on healthcare plays a significant role in improving health outcomes in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study concluded that sustained and adequate government investment in the health sector is essential for improving healthcare delivery and achieving better health outcomes. The study therefore recommends that the government should increase budgetary allocation to the health sector, strengthen accountability and transparency in the management of healthcare funds, improve healthcare infrastructure and medical equipment, and expand access to quality healthcare services, particularly in rural and underserved communities. These measures are expected to enhance the efficiency of healthcare expenditure and promote sustainable improvements in the health status of the Nigerian population. Keywords: Government Health Expenditure, Health Outcomes, Life Expectancy, Infant Mortality Rate, Maternal Mortality Ratio, Nigeria, Healthcare Financing.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Subjects: H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Management and Social Sciences
Depositing User: CHIBUEZE EZE
Date Deposited: 04 Aug 2026 14:09
Last Modified: 04 Aug 2026 14:09
URI: http://eprints.gouni.edu.ng/id/eprint/6178

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