LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS GOVERNING OIL AND GAS IN NIGERIA

CHUKWUEMEKA, EZUGO FRANKLIN (2026) LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS GOVERNING OIL AND GAS IN NIGERIA. Other thesis, GODFREY OKOYE UNIVERSITY.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The oil and gas industry remains the backbone of Nigeria's economy and constitutes the country's principal source of revenue and foreign exchange earnings. Despite its economic importance, the sector has long been characterised by regulatory uncertainty, institutional inefficiency, environmental degradation, host community unrest, corruption and inadequate governance. These challenges necessitated the enactment of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) 2021, which introduced comprehensive legal and institutional reforms aimed at restructuring the petroleum industry. The study adopted the doctrinal method of legal research by relying primarily on statutes, judicial authorities, textbooks, journal articles, official reports and other relevant secondary sources. The study is anchored on the Good Governance Theory, the Resource Curse Theory and the Public Interest Theory of Regulation, which collectively provide the analytical framework for evaluating the effectiveness of the Petroleum Industry Act 2021. The study finds that the Petroleum Industry Act 2021 represents the most comprehensive reform of Nigeria's petroleum legal framework since the discovery of crude oil. The Act introduced institutional restructuring, a new fiscal regime, commercialisation of the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited, environmental obligations and the Host Communities Development Trust. Notwithstanding these reforms, the study further finds that several shortcomings continue to undermine the effectiveness of the Act. Consequently, the objectives of transparency, accountability, sustainable development and equitable distribution of petroleum resources have not been fully realised. The study concludes that although the Petroleum Industry Act 2021 has significantly modernised Nigeria's petroleum legal regime, its effectiveness depends largely on proper implementation, institutional independence and continuous legislative review.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Law, Arts and Social Sciences > School of Law
Depositing User: MABEL AMAECHI
Date Deposited: 24 Jul 2026 12:49
Last Modified: 24 Jul 2026 12:49
URI: http://eprints.gouni.edu.ng/id/eprint/5970

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