Ezebuiro, N. C. and Onyia, Christie and Körner, I. (2022) Biomethanization in Anaerobic Systems Feedstock and Process Enhancement. In: Bioenergy and Environmental Biotechnology for Sustainable Development. Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, pp. 15-36. ISBN 9781003180289
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Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) involves microbiological degradation of biomass under anoxic conditions. It is also referred to as biomethanization because it involves feedstock mineralization to biogas, which predominantly comprises methane and carbon dioxide. Biomethanization offers the advantages of the recovery of methane, which is used as energy source in transportation, electricity generation and heating, and soil enhancement using the digestate, which is an AD by-product. Biomethanization also offers climate protection through the reutilization of the carbon that is trapped in biomass. Many factors influence methanization, and these have been extensively studied for the improvement of biochemical process stability during methane production. However, the relationships between biomass characteristics, with reference to carbon, nitrogen and trace elements (TEs), have been poorly understood. Whereas methane can be produced from all biomass, the quality and efficiency of the process and quantity of methane produced is a function of the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C:N) in the biomass and the interaction between intermediate products of biomass degradation and the TEs. The interaction between intermediate products of biomass methanization and TEs during the different phases of AD remains poorly understood despite the huge potential it holds for the enhancement of biomethanization process through TEs-based biocatalysis. Of particular interest is the influence of TEs on process-limiting AD phases such as hydrolysis; prevention of digester failure due to acidification in acidogenesis; and enhancement of volatile fatty acids degradation to methane in acetogenesis and methanogenesis. TEs’ influence on AD processes is as a result of the role they play in the activation of the metalloenzymes (MEs) associated with AD. The phase- or process-dependent requirements for TEs during methanization correspond with the TEs’ requirements of the principal MEs of the difference phases and processes that the MEs mediate during methanization. The increasing understanding of the relationship between biomass characteristics, TEs and the various process of AD during methanization opens new frontiers in biocatalysis for the enhancement of biomass methanization. The next sections highlight the relevant MEs of the different phases of AD, TEs of importance during methanization, and the interaction effects of TEs during bioenergy production processes.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences |
| Depositing User: | mrs chioma hannah |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2022 11:59 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2022 11:59 |
| URI: | http://eprints.gouni.edu.ng/id/eprint/3552 |
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