Evolutionary Relationship of Four Major Ethnic Populations in Nigeria Based on Alu PV92 Insertion Polymorphism

Onyia, Christie and Obih, Ekene Chosen and Bassa, Joshua Samuel and Chinenyenwa, Chukwuma Favour and Engwa Azeh, Azeh Godwill (2020) Evolutionary Relationship of Four Major Ethnic Populations in Nigeria Based on Alu PV92 Insertion Polymorphism. Int J Hum Genet, 20 (2). pp. 47-54. ISSN 0972-3757

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Abstract

Nigeria is a country located within the sub-Sahara region of Africa with four main geographical regions of diverse human population and ethnicity yet little is known about the evolutionary trait of these populations. As such, the Alu PV92 insertion polymorphism was used to depict the evolutionary and ancestral trait among the four main populations in Nigeria. Samples were obtained from 149 individuals from the four populations and DNA was extracted from their cheek cells. Alu PV92 DNA sequence was amplified by PCR and visualized on a 1.5 percent agarose gel for Alu insertion polymorphism. Among the 149 individuals, the frequency of Alu insertion (+) allele was 21 (7.05%) in the entire population and was predominant in the Ijaw-Ibibio population (4.36%). The HardyWeinberg equilibrium was not violated for the entire study population (p>0.05) suggesting that Alu polymorphism was responsible for the evolution of the population. The average heterozygosity (0.1191) and the Gst (0.0846) were relatively low compared to other populations predicting a low degree of interpopulation differentiation or diversity. Phylogenetic analysis showed the Ijaw-Ibibio population to exhibit the highest genetic distance from other populations suggesting Ijaw-Ibibio as the ancestral population. In conclusion, the four main populations of Nigeria were found to be closely related with a low level of genetic diversity except for the Ijaw-Ibibio population which showed the highest interpopulation differentiation and thus considered to be the ancestral population.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences
Depositing User: mrs chioma hannah
Date Deposited: 10 Apr 2020 19:31
Last Modified: 10 Apr 2020 19:31
URI: http://eprints.gouni.edu.ng/id/eprint/2566

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