PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIMICROBIAL, PROXIMATE AND HEAVY METALS ANALYSIS OF EXTRACTS OF THE BARK OF TETRAPLEURA TETRAPTERA FRUIT

Ogugor, Juliet C. and Ayuk, E.L. and Osuji, G.A. and Ugwu, M.O. and Unaegbu, M. (2018) PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIMICROBIAL, PROXIMATE AND HEAVY METALS ANALYSIS OF EXTRACTS OF THE BARK OF TETRAPLEURA TETRAPTERA FRUIT. Global Scientific Journals, 6 (12). ISSN 2320-9186

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Abstract

Extraction of the bark of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit was done using methanol, ethanol and distilled water to obtain the crude extracts. These were subjected to antimicrobial, proximate and heavy metal screenings. Ten different phytochemicals were screened namely; alkaloids, flavonoids, phlobatannins, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpeniods, carbohydrates, phytosterols and phenolic compounds. The phytochemical analysis of ethanol extract revealed the presence of almost all the phytochemicals above with exception of saponins and phytosterols, however, methanol and water extracts, revealed the presence of most phytochemicals except flavonoids, phlobatanin and phytosterols respectively. Antimicrobial analysis of the aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts respectively was done using the agar well diffusion method against clinical isolates of gram positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The result of methanol extract showed higher inhibition than that of water and ethanol extracts when compared with the positive control Ciprofloxacin. Proximate analysis of the plant showed the following results; ash content (85%), crude fiber (7.8%), moisture content (38%), protein (0.2%) and carbohydrate content (69.38%). Heavy metals analysis conducted, showed the presence of zinc with the highest value of (31.309ppm) followed by lead (Pb) with (1.574ppm), then Arsenic with (0.955ppm), copper (0.138ppm), cadmium (0.073ppm) and mercury (0.068ppm). Mercury (Hg) is the least metal present in this plant. All were within W.H.O acceptable limit except Arsenic. These results is a confirmation that the bark of Tetrapleura tetraptera has medicinal value as speculated by the orthodox medicine, but the presence of some heavy metals in the plant especially lead (Pb) should be taken into consideration to avoid taking contaminated extracts as medicine.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: L Education > L Education (General)
Q Science > Q Science (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences
Depositing User: miss ifeoma agbo
Date Deposited: 24 Apr 2019 14:43
Last Modified: 24 Apr 2019 14:43
URI: http://eprints.gouni.edu.ng/id/eprint/1252

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